Bacterial vaginosis
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Bacterial vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a bacterial infection affecting the vagina of a female. Anything that upsets the balance between the good and bad bacteria present in the vagina can lead to the infection. It is not a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) but can certainly, predispose one to it. However, it is mainly found in sexually active females.
Prevalence:
- Sexually active females aged 18-45 yrs are more prone to BV
- Rarely found in non-sexually active females
Causes :
The acidic pH of the vagina which is essential to maintain the healthy bacteria can be disrupted by:
- having sex with multiple partners
- unprotected sex with a new partner
- douching
- excessive cleaning of the vagina
- cleaning the undergarment with a very strong or harsh detergent.
- applying perfumes, deodorants or scented soaps on the vagina
- using intra-uterine contraceptive devices
- smoking
- pregnancy
Symptoms:
- abnormal, grayish or yellowish offensive vaginal discharge
- itching in or around the vagina
- pain or burning on urination
- fishy- smelling vaginal discharge, especially after sex
If untreated, it can complicate pregnancy, cause pelvic infections, HIV or other STDs.
Prevention:
- Avoid douching
- Stay in a monogamous (single partner) relationship
- Avoid using scented products
- Using a condom during sex
- Avoid too much washing of the area.
Diagnosis:
Physical examination as well as swab test of the vaginal discharge can determine BV
Treatment:
It can resolve on its own or by a short course of antibiotics.
